Network & Protocol Guides
Base OP Stack L1 Derivation and Timestamps over RPC
How OP Stack derivation ties every Base L2 block timestamp to an L1 origin, and how to read that provenance over RPC.
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237Latest articles
Network & Protocol Guides
Ethereum eth_getLogs: Address and Topic Combination Query Cost
How block-range width, address filters, and positional topic arrays independently drive eth_getLogs scan cost, with a decision matrix and a self-measurement table.
Read articleRPC Troubleshooting
Hyperliquid WebSocket Ping/Pong: Detect Dead Connections
Learn how Hyperliquid's application-level JSON ping/pong heartbeat works, why an OPEN socket can still be a zombie, and how to build a detector that reconnects before you miss fills.
Read articleRPC Troubleshooting
Monad eth_getLogs: Invalid Block Range Limits and Log Paging
Why Monad returns 'invalid block range' for eth_getLogs, how its documented range guard differs from Ethereum, and a bounded paging algorithm that proves completeness.
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Sui queryTransactionBlocks: Cursor Pagination Without Gaps or Duplicates
A resumable, de-duplicating walk of suix_queryTransactionBlocks that survives cursor invalidation and proves continuity with a digest watermark.
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eth_newFilter Lifecycle: Filter IDs, getFilterChanges, Expiry
A deep-dive into Ethereum's stateful filter API: how filter IDs work, why getFilterChanges is a destructive cursor, and how to survive server-side expiry.
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eth_sendRawTransaction: Insufficient Funds and Nonce Errors
Diagnose and fix the balance and nonce error classes returned by eth_sendRawTransaction by understanding exactly which values the node compares.
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Hyperliquid WebSocket Trades and Fills: Channel Mechanics
A practical guide to subscribing to Hyperliquid's trades and userFills WebSocket channels, reconciling with the Info API, and avoiding duplicate fills after reconnects.
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Polkadot payment_queryInfo: Turning Weight into a Fee Estimate
Learn how to obtain and interpret a Polkadot transaction fee estimate over JSON-RPC, why the estimate is state-dependent, and how to troubleshoot common failures.
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Token-2022 Transfer Fees on Solana: Withheld Amounts and RPC Reads
A practical RPC-first guide to reading Token-2022 transfer fees, withheld amounts, and effective post-fee balances from Solana account and transaction data.
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